Effects Of Marijuana On The Central Nervous System

Drugs do not contain highs; drugs trigger these highs. The potential for feeling high exists naturally within the human nervous system, and we have countless options for getting high without taking drugs. Small children love to spin wildly in circles. Many people go sky diving, fall in love, paint, meditate—the list is endless.

Marijuana triggers a high via the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS controls the functions of the brain and the spinal cord. There are billions of nerve cells called neurons within the CNS that are linked by an intricate web of synapses (the gaps between neurons). Perhaps you seek to move a finger to relieve the itch of a bug bite. To do this, the neurons responsible for moving your finger need to communicate with each other. The message "move my finger" is transmitted simultaneously along the neuronal system of synapses by means of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals released by the neurons to help neurons communicate with each other. Neurons are also known as messenger cells, and neurotransmitters as chemical messengers.

Neurotransmitters can be envisioned as keys that unlock specific sites on neurons called receptors. A neurotransmitter opens the receptor's lock, and it is through this key-and-lock system that messages are conveyed throughout the CNS. Most receptors are specifically tuned to accept only one type of neurotransmitter key. Hormones can also act as keys that unlock certain receptor sites. Some neurons have thousands of receptors that are specific to particular neurotransmitters.

The Marijuana High

Whether marijuana is inhaled or ingested, when THC enters the bloodstream it is delivered to the brain and the central nervous system. When the amount of THC in the brain exceeds a certain dose, a "high" is experienced, usually within 15 to 30 minutes.

In addition to reaching the brain, THC is delivered to all other parts of the body. This distribution eventually reduces the amount of THC in the blood; in turn, this reduces the amount of THC in the brain. Within two to four hours, THC levels in the brain typically fall below what is necessary for psychoac-tivity, and the user "comes down" from the high. Eventually, THC is eliminated from the body in sweat, feces, and urine.

THC In The Brain And Body

A cannabinoid is a type of chemical compound concentrated in the resin of the cannabis plant. THC is the only cannabinoid that is highly psychoactive and present in large amounts in cannabis. Until recently, there has been little information on precisely how THC acts on the brain, which cells are affected by THC, or even what general areas of the brain are most affected by it. All this changed in the 1980s and 1990s with the discovery of specific cannabinoid receptors—Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2).

CB1 is found predominantly in the brain and is associated with many of the effects from THC. CB2 is found in the spleen and other organs and is associated with the immune system; its role is still not fully understood. The discovery of these receptors, as well as their locations in the body, has allowed scientists to learn more about how marijuana affects the human brain and body.

CB1 and CB2 can be found throughout the human body; hence, there are a variety of ways that cannabinoids can physically and psychologically affect the body's systems. As an example, the presence of CB1 receptors in the eye may explain how marijuana eases glaucoma and relieves intraocular pressure. Other research indicates that THC can block receptors in the brain and body to produce dizziness, dry mouth, and altered depth perception— all common effects of marijuana use. There appears to be an endless array of research studies that can match THC's effects with an appropriate action at a particular cannabinoid receptor site. Herein lies the ability of science to advance medicinal breakthroughs: Numerous ongoing research investigations are underway to explore site-specific medications that would specifically alleviate pain, for example, without causing dizziness or euphoria. This process is termed "selective uptake."

How Weed Changes The Brain

Cannabinoid receptors, the binding sites for THC from marijuana, are prevalent in the brain and concentrated in areas like the basal ganglia, hippocampus, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex (indicated in pink on this illustration). THC interrupts the normal communication between neurotransmitters and results in changes of behavior and physical effects controlled by these areas of the brain.

Continue reading here: Trends In Marijuana Use

Was this article helpful?

+7 0

Readers' Questions

  • satu sulander
    Does weed afect nerves?
    1 year ago
  • Marijuana is known for its impact on the nervous system. The active compound in marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), binds to cannabinoid receptors in the brain and throughout the body, including the nervous system. This interaction with the nervous system can have various effects. Short-term effects of marijuana use on the nervous system may include relaxation, altered perception, impaired coordination, and impaired memory and thinking abilities. These effects can be both pleasurable and challenging, depending on the individual and the circumstances. However, long-term or heavy use of marijuana can potentially have more pronounced effects on the nervous system. Some studies suggest that chronic marijuana use may be associated with an increased risk of developing mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis. Additionally, some research suggests that heavy marijuana use during adolescence may have a negative impact on brain development and cognitive function. It is important to note that the effects of marijuana on the nervous system can vary from person to person, as individual factors such as genetics, overall health, and frequency of use can influence the response to the drug.
    • natalia
      What are the implications of extended cannabis use on the cns?
      1 year ago
    • Extended cannabis use can have various implications on the Central Nervous System (CNS). Some potential effects include:
      1. Impaired memory and cognitive function: Long-term cannabis use has been associated with memory and learning deficits, as well as reduced attention and problem-solving abilities. These effects can impact academic or work performance and overall cognitive functioning.
      2. Dependency and addiction: Frequent and prolonged cannabis use can lead to the development of dependency or addiction. Dependence can cause withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, and cravings when discontinuing or reducing cannabis use.
      3. Psychiatric disorders: Extended cannabis use has been linked to an increased risk of psychiatric conditions such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis. While it doesn't cause these disorders directly, it may worsen symptoms in individuals already vulnerable to or diagnosed with these conditions.
      4. Altered brain development: Cannabis use during adolescence has been associated with adverse effects on brain development. The brain is still maturing during this phase, and cannabis use during this time may hinder normal development and lead to long-term cognitive and behavioral consequences.
      5. Impaired driving and accidents: Cannabis use can impair coordination, reaction time, and judgment, increasing the risk of accidents and injuries while operating machinery or vehicles.
      6. Respiratory issues: Smoking cannabis may lead to respiratory problems due to the inhalation of toxins and irritants. Chronic bronchitis, chronic cough, and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections are potential consequences.
      7. It is important to note that the extent and severity of these implications can vary depending on factors such as the frequency and duration of cannabis use, the potency of the product, individual susceptibility, and co-occurring use of other substances.
      • celendine galbassi
        Can weed mess with your nerves?
        1 year ago
      • There is evidence to suggest that chronic marijuana use can have an impact on the nervous system. THC, the psychoactive compound in marijuana, can affect the functioning of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers that transmit signals between nerve cells. This can result in changes in mood, cognition, and behavior. Furthermore, long-term marijuana use has been associated with an increased risk of developing mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression. It can also lead to impairments in memory and attention. However, it is important to note that individual responses to marijuana can vary, and not everyone will experience these negative effects. Additionally, more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of marijuana on the nervous system.
        • natalie
          Is weed good for nervous system?
          1 year ago
        • There is limited research on the effects of cannabis on the nervous system, but some studies suggest that certain components of cannabis, such as cannabidiol (CBD), may have potential therapeutic benefits for certain neurological and neurodegenerative conditions. For example, CBD has been investigated for its potential to reduce seizures in epilepsy and improve symptoms in conditions like Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. However, it is important to note that the effects of cannabis can vary depending on individual factors and the specific components and dosage used, and there may be potential negative effects on the nervous system as well. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and to consider the potential risks and benefits before using cannabis for any medical purpose.
          • russom
            How does marijuana affect the synapse?
            1 year ago
          • Marijuana affects the synapse, which is the junction between two nerve cells (neurons), by interfering with the release and uptake of neurotransmitters. When marijuana is consumed, its active ingredient, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), binds to cannabinoid receptors located on the presynaptic neuron. The presynaptic neuron is the one responsible for sending signals to the next neuron in the pathway. These cannabinoid receptors are concentrated in brain regions involved in memory, coordination, pleasure, thinking, and time perception. The binding of THC to the cannabinoid receptors inhibits the release of various neurotransmitters, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, dopamine, and serotonin. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate brain activity, while glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that promotes brain activity. By interrupting the normal release of these neurotransmitters, marijuana can affect the overall neural activity in specific brain regions. Additionally, marijuana also modulates the function of the endocannabinoid system, which naturally occurs in the body. The endocannabinoid system is involved in regulating various physiological processes, including mood, appetite, pain perception, and memory. THC mimics the effects of endocannabinoids and interacts with cannabinoid receptors, further influencing the synaptic transmission and overall brain function. Overall, the effects of marijuana on the synapse lead to altered communication between neurons, affecting various brain functions, including memory, attention, mood, and coordination.
            • philipp
              Does marijuana affect the cerebellum?
              1 year ago
            • Yes, marijuana can affect the cerebellum. The cerebellum is a region of the brain responsible for coordinating balance, movement, and muscle control. When marijuana is consumed, it interacts with cannabinoid receptors in the brain, including those found in the cerebellum. This interaction can lead to various effects on motor control and coordination. Some of the common effects of marijuana on the cerebellum include impaired balance, slower reaction times, and decreased motor coordination.
              • Selassie
                What neurotransmitters does weed affect?
                1 year ago
              • ? Weed affects several different neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, anandamide, and endocannabinoids.
                • Sonja
                  Does thc suppress the central nervous system?
                  1 year ago
                • Yes, THC can suppress the central nervous system. This can lead to feelings of relaxation and drowsiness.
                  • ville hassi
                    Does marajuana effect blood pressure?
                    1 year ago
                  • Marijuana can make blood pressure temporarily drop, but the effects are short-lived and may vary from person to person. Some research suggests that marijuana may increase the risk of hypertension over the long-term. It is best to speak with your doctor if you have any concerns.
                    • tito
                      What negative effects can marijuana have to the nervous system?
                      1 year ago
                      1. Decreased coordination and balance
                      2. Loss of short-term memory
                      3. Reduced reaction time
                      4. Temporary paranoia and anxiety
                      5. Slowed information processing
                      6. Altered perception of time and space
                      7. Reduced ability to focus and concentrate
                      8. Increased risk of psychosis
                      • tarquinio
                        Does weed depress the cns?
                        1 year ago
                      • Yes, marijuana can cause depression of the central nervous system. This is due to its active ingredient, THC, which can produce sedative and anxiolytic effects. Long-term use of marijuana can also increase a person's risk for depression and other mental health conditions.
                        • Hob
                          How do our neurons react with weed?
                          1 year ago
                        • Neurons are very important cells in the brain that are responsible for transmitting signals between different areas of the brain, as well as from the brain to the rest of the body. When marijuana is consumed, it interacts with the endocannabinoid receptors of the neurons and causes them to respond differently. The effects of marijuana on neurons vary depending on the type of cannabinoid receptor that is being activated. In general, THC (the main psychoactive component of marijuana) activates certain types of receptors, which can cause neurons to become more excitable or relaxed, depending on the type of neuron. This can lead to some beneficial effects on the brain, such as decreasing anxiety and helping to relieve pain. However, it is important to note that the long-term effects of marijuana on neurons and the brain are still not fully understood.
                          • jan
                            Does marijuana affect the d2 receptor?
                            1 year ago
                          • Some studies have suggested that marijuana may interact with the dopamine D2 receptor, although the findings are inconsistent and inconclusive. Research has found that marijuana may block the effects of dopamine on the D2 receptor in some cases, while in others it may increase the activity. More research is needed to fully understand the effects of marijuana on the D2 receptor.
                            • william
                              What effect does marijuana have on the neurotramitters?
                              1 year ago
                            • of the brain Marijuana has been found to affect several of the brain’s neurotransmitters. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of the primary components of cannabis, binds to several receptors located in the brain, including cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are linked to the transmission of dopamine and glutamate, two key neurochemical messengers involved in the regulation of pleasure, memory, thinking, concentration, movement, coordination, and sensory and time perception. In addition to affecting these two neurotransmitters, marijuana has also been found to affect other neurotransmitters in the brain, including serotonin, norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Marijuana is thought to reduce the activity of these neurotransmitters, resulting in decreased alertness, reduced coordination, and impaired short-term memory.
                              • cecilia
                                How marijuana affects thebrain, cns, respiratory system?
                                1 year ago
                              • Marijuana affects the brain by binding to cannabinoid receptors, which regulate various bodily functions including memory, coordination, movement, and pleasure. This can impair cognitive abilities, including memory and judgement. Marijuana use can also affect the central nervous system, leading to short-term effects such as changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and coordination. Long-term effects may include an increased risk of depression and anxiety, as well as a lower IQ. Finally, marijuana can affect the respiratory system in both short and long-term use. It can cause irritation and inflammation of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and increased phlegm production. It can also increase the risk of respiratory infections, asthma attacks, and chronic bronchitis.
                                • yonas nasih
                                  Does majiuana make you nearvous?
                                  1 year ago
                                • No, marijuana does not make you nervous. There are some effects associated with marijuana use, including feelings of relaxation, euphoria, and altered senses, but nervousness is not one of them.
                                  • ermias
                                    Does marijuana cause nerve damage?
                                    1 year ago
                                  • There is no conclusive scientific evidence that marijuana use causes nerve damage. However, marijuana use has been linked to anxiety and paranoia, which can interfere with normal nerve function. Additionally, evidence suggests that marijuana use may be linked to an increased risk of developing certain neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s Disease, in some individuals.
                                    • semret
                                      What neurotransmitter does marijuana affect?
                                      1 year ago
                                    • Marijuana affects multiple neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, and GABA.
                                      • Tuomas
                                        What neurotransmitter does weed affect?
                                        1 year ago
                                      • Cannabis affects several neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and endocannabinoids.
                                        • SABRINA SCHULZE
                                          Does smoking weed harm the spleen language:en?
                                          1 year ago
                                        • No, there is no evidence to suggest that smoking marijuana has any effect on the spleen. Despite some of the myths about marijuana's effects on the body, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that smoking marijuana has any effect on the spleen.
                                          • cornelia
                                            What part of the brain does weed effect?
                                            1 year ago
                                          • Weed primarily affects the brain's hippocampus, which is responsible for memory, emotion, and motivation.
                                            • ky
                                              Does cannabis workbon the central nervous system?
                                              1 year ago
                                            • Yes, cannabis affects the central nervous system in various ways, including altering pain perception, mood, appetite, and other bodily processes. Cannabis can also interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which helps to regulate many bodily functions.
                                              • CARL CHUBB
                                                What are the effect of the Marijuana on the Nerous system?
                                                1 year ago
                                              • Marijuana, also known as cannabis, affects the nervous system primarily through its interaction with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the body. The ECS is made up of cannabinoid receptors that are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. When marijuana is consumed, the cannabinoids it contains, such as THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), bind to these receptors and produce various effects on the nervous system. Here are some of the effects:
                                                1. Psychoactive effects: The THC in marijuana produces psychoactive effects by binding to cannabinoid receptors in the brain, particularly in areas responsible for mood, memory, and cognition. This can result in relaxation, euphoria, altered perception of time, and changes in thinking and problem-solving abilities.
                                                2. Pain relief: Marijuana has analgesic properties and can provide pain relief, particularly for neuropathic pain. THC activates cannabinoid receptors in the spinal cord and brain, reducing pain signals sent to the central nervous system.
                                                3. Memory and cognition: Marijuana use, especially in heavy and prolonged users, can impair short-term memory and cognitive function. THC affects the hippocampus, an area of the brain involved in memory formation and consolidation.
                                                4. Motor coordination: Marijuana can affect motor coordination and impair psychomotor skills. This is due to the influence of cannabinoids on the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and motor cortex.
                                                5. Anxiolytic effects: Some individuals may experience a reduction in anxiety symptoms when using marijuana, as THC can have calming and anxiolytic effects. However, in others, marijuana may increase anxiety or induce paranoia.
                                                6. Dependence and withdrawal: Frequent and heavy use of marijuana can lead to dependence, and individuals who abruptly stop using it may experience withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, insomnia, loss of appetite, and restlessness.
                                                7. Dilated blood vessels: Marijuana use leads to the expansion of blood vessels, resulting in bloodshot eyes and increased heart rate. This effect is caused by THC activating cannabinoid receptors in the vascular system.
                                                8. It's important to note that the effects of marijuana can vary depending on factors such as potency, method of consumption, dose, and individual susceptibility. Additionally, potential negative effects may be more pronounced in adolescent users whose brains are still developing.
                                                • Eva Aguirre
                                                  What are neurons side effects Of the weed?
                                                  1 year ago
                                                • Neurons are not affected by the side effects of marijuana.
                                                  • GENET
                                                    Does marajuana affect the nervous system?
                                                    1 year ago
                                                  • Yes, marijuana affects the nervous system by activating the endocannabinoid receptors in the brain. This can cause changes in mood, behavior and cognition.
                                                    • simret
                                                      How smoking affects the nervous system?
                                                      1 year ago
                                                    • Smoking can damage the nervous system by affecting brain structure and function, decreasing the amount of oxygen that reaches the brain, and decreasing the ability for nerve cells to transmit signals. It has been linked to an increased risk of stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other cognitive impairments. Smoking can also increase the risk of nerve damage in the hands, feet, and spine.
                                                      • Semhar
                                                        How does marijuanna impact the central nervous system'?
                                                        1 year ago
                                                      • Marijuana has a range of effects on the central nervous system (CNS). It acts on cannabinoid receptors that are present throughout the brain and spinal cord. THC, the main psychoactive chemical in marijuana, binds to these receptors and stimulates their activity, leading to a range of effects including relaxation, sedation, pain relief, and altered perceptions. Cannabidiol (CBD), another active ingredient in marijuana, is known to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, which may be beneficial for treating certain neurological conditions. Long-term use of marijuana has been linked to certain side effects, including increased risk of anxiety, depression, and psychosis. It may also interfere with learning and memory and can impair coordination, reaction time, and decision-making.
                                                        • trahand
                                                          How does weed effect nervous system?
                                                          1 year ago
                                                        • Weed affects the nervous system by interacting with cannabinoid receptors on cells and activating them to produce euphoria, relaxation, and altered sensory perception. It can also lead to increased heart rate, blood pressure and appetite, which can cause fatigue and cognitive impairment. Long-term use of cannabis has been linked to changes in the brain's reward system, which can lead to dependence and addiction.
                                                          • donald
                                                            How does cannabis increase sympathetic?
                                                            1 year ago
                                                          • Cannabis increases sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity by stimulating the production of certain neurotransmitters, notably norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline). These neurotransmitters have a direct stimulatory effect on the SNS, resulting in increased heart rate, increased respiration rate, increased sweating, and increased alertness. Additionally, cannabis may also affect the body’s production of cortisol, which is a hormone associated with the defensive fight-or-flight response.
                                                            • MAURA
                                                              How weed affects the nervous system?
                                                              1 year ago
                                                            • Weed can affect the nervous system in both positive and negative ways. On the positive side, it can reduce pain, calm anxiety, and even benefit sleep. On the other hand, sustained or heavy use of marijuana can interfere with concentration, cause short-term memory loss, and lead to difficulty in making decisions. It can also lead to paranoia, confusion, and disorientation.
                                                              • Alfrida
                                                                How canabis affects neurones?
                                                                1 year ago
                                                              • Cannabis can affect neurons in several ways. Cannabinoids, the active compounds in cannabis, are known to interact with the endocannabinoid system, a system of cell-signaling molecules found in the brain and throughout the body. This interaction affects neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and glutamate, and can alter the way neurons communicate with one another. This can lead to changes in areas of the brain associated with memory, learning, coordination, and mood. It can also lead to changes in brain plasticity, which is the brain's ability to reorganize and form new neural connections.
                                                                • mollie
                                                                  How does marijuanna affect the central nervous system?
                                                                  1 year ago
                                                                • Marijuana has been found to affect the central nervous system in a number of ways. It has been found to alter brain function and to influence the release of hormones and neurotransmitters. It has also been found to affect motor coordination, memory, and reaction time. In addition, it has been linked to increased anxiety and depression, as well as an increase in the risk of psychosis. Marijuana use can also increase heart rate and blood pressure, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular problems.
                                                                  • MILENA
                                                                    Does marajuana effect the sympathetic nervous system?
                                                                    1 year ago
                                                                  • Yes, marijuana can have an effect on the sympathetic nervous system. It has been shown to cause an increase in heart rate, increased blood pressure, and increased body temperature. Furthermore, marijuana can affect the neurotransmitters that regulate the sympathetic nervous system, such as dopamine and serotonin.
                                                                    • birgit
                                                                      Does marajuana depress the central nervous system?
                                                                      1 year ago
                                                                    • No, marijuana does not directly depress the central nervous system. In fact, some research indicates that marijuana may have a mild stimulating effect on the central nervous system.
                                                                      • gayle
                                                                        How does cannabis act on central nervous system?
                                                                        1 year ago
                                                                      • Cannabis acts on the central nervous system by binding to cannabinoid receptors, which are found throughout the body. The primary active ingredient in cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) binds to these receptors and activates them, resulting in effects such as increased appetite, euphoria, relaxation, and altered sensory perception. Additionally, cannabinoids such as CBD can interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system and have a variety of medicinal effects.
                                                                        • pia
                                                                          How does marijuana affect your synapses?
                                                                          1 year ago
                                                                        • Marijuana use can affect your synapses by disrupting the normal communication between them. This disruption can lead to changes in the way messages are sent throughout the brain and can interfere with learning and memory, as well as other cognitive functions. Additionally, it may affect how the brain processes emotions and how it regulates impulse control. In some cases, marijuana use has been linked to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression.
                                                                          • marianna
                                                                            Does marijuana affect the sympathetic nervous system?
                                                                            1 year ago
                                                                          • Yes, marijuana can have an effect on the sympathetic nervous system. It can stimulate or inhibit the release of certain hormones that affect the sympathetic nervous system, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. Marijuana can also affect blood vessel constriction, which can increase heart rate and blood pressure. In addition, marijuana can have an effect on the body's overall "fight-or-flight" response, which is the response of the sympathetic nervous system to stressful or dangerous situations.
                                                                            • marco
                                                                              What are the effects of marijuana on the central nervous system?
                                                                              1 year ago
                                                                            • Marijuana can have a wide range of effects on the central nervous system. The active component of marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), binds to cannabinoid receptors found throughout the central nervous system. This binding has effects on numerous neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine and serotonin, both of which are associated with various emotional states and mental health. Overall, marijuana use can have a sedative effect on the brain, resulting in feelings of relaxation and euphoria. Chronic marijuana use can lead to decreased concentration and short-term memory, slower motor coordination, and poor problem-solving skills. Additionally, marijuana use has been linked to increased risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
                                                                              • Pirjo
                                                                                How drugs affect the brain and central nervous system marijuana?
                                                                                1 year ago
                                                                              • Marijuana affects the brain and central nervous system by disrupting the enzymatic pathway responsible for the breakdown of neurotransmitters in the body. This disruption can interfere with how the brain processes information, how one feels and how the body responds to certain stimuli. Marijuana can also increase the release of dopamine, which is a neurotransmitter responsible for feelings of pleasure and rewards. Additionally, marijuana can cause changes in concentration, mood, reaction time, and coordination. Some individuals also report experiencing paranoia and anxiety. Long-term use of marijuana has also been associated with poor decision making, memory problems, and difficulty learning.